Tag: MIT

  • Murakkab: New System Cuts AI Agent Energy Use and Cost by Over 70%

    Murakkab: New System Cuts AI Agent Energy Use and Cost by Over 70%

    Agentic workflows — AI-powered software systems that chain multiple models and tools to complete complex tasks — are becoming the backbone of cloud computing. But their fragmented design often wastes computation, energy, and money. Researchers from MIT and Microsoft have developed a new system called Murakkab that streamlines the design and deployment of these workflows, automatically optimizing them for speed, energy efficiency, and cost.

    With Murakkab, developers describe their application’s goal in plain language, and the system automatically selects the best AI models, tools, hardware configurations, and resource allocations. It adjusts these on the fly based on user priorities, such as minimizing costs or maximizing speed. In tests, Murakkab used only about 35% of the computation, 27% of the energy, and under 25% of the cost compared to traditional methods — without sacrificing performance.

    “Agentic workflows are getting very complicated and quickly becoming the backbone of what cloud providers are doing,” says Gohar Chaudhry, an MIT EECS graduate student and lead author of the paper presented at USENIX OSDI. “Energy usage is a huge concern, so we need to be very careful about how efficient these workflows are.”

    Murakkab also adapts dynamically when new models or hardware become available, eliminating the need for developers to manually reconfigure their systems. The researchers plan to expand the system to more complex workflows and larger computing clusters.

  • Why Curiosity-Driven Research Remains the Bedrock of American Scientific Leadership

    Why Curiosity-Driven Research Remains the Bedrock of American Scientific Leadership

    Over the past 80 years, sustained investment in basic scientific research has propelled the United States to global leadership, delivering prosperity, national security, and tangible benefits for all Americans. In a special section published June 16, 2026, Scientific American highlights this legacy in “The Young American Scientists,” profiling early-career researchers and featuring commentary from MIT faculty on why curiosity-driven science remains vital.

    MIT President Sally Kornbluth underscored that discovery “is part of our American DNA and has yielded vast returns to the citizens of this country and the world.” She called for a renewed commitment to public investment in science, noting that “investing in American science is not a gamble.” Institute Professor Robert Langer echoed that sentiment, remarking that “what American science has done over the past 50, 100 years has been remarkable.”

    At MIT, this commitment is embodied in initiatives such as Curiosity on a Mission and the Generative AI Impact Consortium, which seek to harness basic research for real-world solutions. Kornbluth observed that while the technological possibilities are “more exciting than ever,” funding uncertainty—particularly for foundational discovery science—poses an unprecedented threat to the ecosystem that fuels the economy and societal impact.

    Early Sparks of Scientific Passion

    Professor Alan Lightman recalled how the launch of Sputnik ignited his fascination with science, leading him to build his own rocket. In his essay “My childhood in science,” Lightman described how those early experiments shaped him into a writer and physicist. “We need science combined with literature, philosophy, history and art,” he wrote. “We need to discover not only the physical world but also our own humanity.”

    Former NFL player and MIT Professor John Urschel emphasized the power of interdisciplinary collaboration. “A lot of good research happens when people can draw on tools, techniques and insights from different areas,” he said, urging young scientists to build broad backgrounds and communicate across fields.

    Invention and Discovery in Action

    The section profiles MIT students and alumni tackling major challenges. Visiting Scientist Alice Stanton developed miBrain, a 3D tissue model of the human brain, and a brain-on-a-chip to test personalized treatments for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. She cautioned that “the road to effective treatments is long and bumpy,” made worse by funding cuts.

    Bob Mumgaard PhD ’08, CEO of Commonwealth Fusion Systems, is working to commercialize fusion power. “Our ability to use new tools to tackle some of these big, meaty problems is super exciting,” he said. Graduate student Alex Zhang addresses “context rot” in AI language models by developing recursive language models that allow the system to reevaluate its reasoning.

    The Benefits of Collaboration

    Professor Emery Brown highlighted the MIT Health and Life Sciences Collaborative (HEALS), which brings together scientists and engineers from diverse backgrounds to address pressing health challenges. “The enthusiasm for HEALS has been contagious across the campus,” he noted.

    MIT alumna Lucy Jones PhD ’81, who created the Great ShakeOut earthquake drill, stressed the necessity of collaboration with policymakers. She also described how computing advances have transformed seismology: “My first year in grad school, I was reading paper seismograms. Now everything is computerized. Computers have changed everything, including science.”

    The State of American Science

    Many interviewees voiced concerns about federal funding instability. Professor Feng Zhang, a CRISPR pioneer, warned: “We can lose the lead rapidly if we do not protect our innovation ecosystem.” He pointed to pressures on NIH and NSF funding, immigration uncertainty, and eroding public trust in expertise.

    Professor Alan Guth expressed optimism about progress in cosmology—new techniques are helping unravel the universe—but echoed worries about future funding. Robert Langer offered a hopeful long view: “I look at the history of American innovation and education over the past 250 years, and it’s been spectacular. Plenty of times there’ve been setbacks … and people keep persisting. That gives me a lot of cause for hope.”

    The Scientific American feature underscores a simple truth: curiosity-driven science is not a luxury—it is the essential ingredient that has made America a leader and will continue to do so if the nation recommits to supporting it.

  • Two LLMs Team Up to Help Robots Interpret Vague Instructions and Prioritize What Matters

    Two LLMs Team Up to Help Robots Interpret Vague Instructions and Prioritize What Matters

    Researchers at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) have developed a new method that uses two large language models (LLMs) to help robots understand ambiguous instructions and focus on key details. The approach, called Masked Inverse Reinforcement Learning (Masked IRL), reduces the amount of demonstration data needed to teach a robot by nearly five times, while improving the robot’s ability to infer unspoken user preferences.

    Traditional robot training often requires either extensive physical demonstrations or detailed written instructions. Masked IRL automates the process: first, one LLM clarifies ambiguous prompts (e.g., turning “stay close” into “stay close to the surface of the table”) by comparing a user’s demonstration trajectory to the shortest possible path. Then a second LLM evaluates the environment and “masks” irrelevant details – such as a person leaning on a table – while highlighting critical ones like obstacles to avoid. The robot then uses these prioritized details to generate a safe motion plan.

    In experiments, the system correctly identified unstated user preferences up to 15 percent more often than comparable baselines. Real-world tests showed a robotic arm successfully moving a coffee mug around a laptop, wiping a table while “staying close” to it, and handing a user a bag of chips while “staying away” from both the person and the table – all after fewer than 50 kinesthetic demonstrations.

    The team plans to enhance Masked IRL with camera input, allowing robots to visually focus on relevant objects in dynamic environments. The work was supported by the Tata Group via the MIT Generative AI Impact Consortium Award and the Department of Defense, and will be presented at the 2026 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

  • Recent Breakthroughs from MIT Schwarzman College of Computing: AI, Robotics, and Beyond

    Recent Breakthroughs from MIT Schwarzman College of Computing: AI, Robotics, and Beyond

    The MIT Schwarzman College of Computing continues to drive innovation across artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing, and more. Here are some of the latest developments from MIT researchers and affiliates.

    LLMs Help Robots Understand Vague Instructions

    MIT researchers have developed a method using two language models: one to clarify user instructions and another to ignore irrelevant details, enabling robots to perform chores in homes and factories more effectively. (June 26, 2026)

    Exploring How Curiosity-Driven Science Fuels American Success

    Scientific American highlights the history and future of America’s scientific engine, featuring promising young scientists and icons at MIT and beyond. (June 25, 2026)

    Summer 2026 Recommended Reading from MIT

    Enjoy these recent titles from Institute faculty and staff. (June 25, 2026)

    Improving Speed and Energy-Efficiency of AI Agents

    A new system called Murakkab optimizes the design and deployment of multistep workflows that power AI applications. (June 25, 2026)

    Exploring the Societal Impacts of AI

    During the AI and Society Forum, leading MIT researchers examined critical questions about AI’s influence on employment and democracy. (June 23, 2026)

    New Chip Helps Tiny Robots Navigate Complex Environments

    Researchers combined an efficient algorithm with dedicated hardware to rapidly generate 3D maps for navigation using minimal memory and power. (June 23, 2026)

    QS Ranks MIT World’s No. 1 University for 2026-27

    Ranking at the top for the 15th consecutive year, the Institute also places first in 12 subject areas. (June 17, 2026)

    In Game Theory, Generalists Sometimes Win Out Over Specialists

    Researchers show that for certain kinds of games, an overlooked class of algorithms performs much better than expected. (June 17, 2026)

    Could AI Tell You Where You Left Your Keys?

    A new spatial memory system for robots efficiently captures details about the objects they see while exploring their environment. (June 17, 2026)

    The Tenured Engineers of 2026

    Ten faculty members have been granted tenure in five units across MIT’s School of Engineering. (June 15, 2026)

    How to Create Distinguishable States for Quantum Systems

    Researchers establish key insights for reading and writing information for quantum sensing, communication, computing, and control. (June 15, 2026)

    When It Comes to Predicting People’s Preferences, It Pays to Consider “The Power of Three”

    MIT researchers provide a major upgrade to the nearly century-old idea of random utility models. (June 11, 2026)

    MIT Affiliates Win 2026 Hertz Foundation Fellowships

    The fellowships in applied sciences, engineering, and mathematics recognize doctoral students pursuing solutions to pressing challenges. (June 11, 2026)

    To Study How Chips Really Work, MIT Researchers Built Their Own Operating System

    A new kernel called Fractal gives researchers a cleaner view of what’s happening inside a processor, and has already surfaced previously unknown behavior in Apple’s M1. (June 10, 2026)

    3D-Printed Devices Could Streamline Production of Drug-Delivery Microparticles

    The cost-effective devices, built in hours, leverage electrospray emitter technology to efficiently produce three-layered particles at scale. (June 9, 2026)

  • MIT School of Science News: Black Hole Echoes, Climate Adaptation, and More

    MIT School of Science News: Black Hole Echoes, Climate Adaptation, and More

    Listening for the Echoes of Black Holes

    Erin Kara employs X-ray reverberations and other astrophysical data to investigate the most extreme objects in the universe. Read full story

    MIT in the Media: Curiosity-Driven Science and National Success

    Scientific American highlights the role of curiosity-driven research in America’s achievements, showcasing young scientists and MIT icons. Read full story

    Summer 2026 Recommended Reading from MIT

    Explore recent titles authored by MIT faculty and staff for the summer reading list. Read full story

    When Environmental Change Outpaces Adaptation

    A new model links Earth’s mass extinctions to mismatches between the rate of environmental change and biological adaptation. Read full story

    Characterizing Earth’s Damping Mechanisms

    PhD candidate Perrin Davidson studies the carbon cycle to understand the planet’s response to global disturbances. Read full story

    Meet the Leader of the Biology Department’s Kitchen

    Karen O’Leary, lab associate and acting supervisor of the Glassware Sterilization Facility, has become a cornerstone of department operations. Read full story

    QS Ranks MIT World’s No. 1 University for 2026-27

    MIT tops the ranking for the 15th consecutive year and places first in 12 subject areas. Read full story

    Susan Solomon Named 2026 Tang Prize Laureate

    The MIT professor’s work on atmospheric chemistry helped pave the way for ozone layer recovery and highlighted carbon emission impacts. Read full story

    MIT Open Learning Reaches the South Pole

    John Della Costa uses OpenCourseWare to teach physics and build community among Antarctica winterovers. Read full story

    Harriet Having It All: A Career in Molecular Biology

    Harriet Latham Robinson SM ’61, PhD ’65 balanced a career at the forefront of molecular biology with family and adventure. Read full story

    MIT Affiliates Win 2026 Hertz Foundation Fellowships

    Fellowships support doctoral students tackling pressing challenges in science, engineering, and mathematics. Read full story

    Would You Return a Favor? It Depends on the Relationship

    A study shows people expect reciprocal generosity only with friends or those of equal social status. Read full story

    Advancing Stem Cell Research and Building the Next Generation

    Biology PhD student Giselle Valdes studies stem cell regeneration while mentoring aspiring researchers. Read full story

    Myriam Heiman Named Director of Picower Institute

    Heiman, who studies neurodegenerative diseases, will lead the institute starting July 1. Read full story

    Pablo Jarillo-Herrillo Wins Kavli Prize in Nanoscience

    The MIT physicist shares the honor for foundational research establishing twistronics. Read full story

    For more news, visit the MIT School of Science news page.

  • MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences: Latest News and Research Highlights

    MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences: Latest News and Research Highlights

    The MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences (SHASS) continues to drive interdisciplinary research and education, with recent stories highlighting faculty appointments, groundbreaking studies, and community engagement. Below is a roundup of notable updates from the school.

    Faculty and Leadership

    David Autor, a leading researcher in artificial intelligence and the future of work, has been named head of the Department of Economics. A faculty member since 1999, Autor’s work has shaped policy debates on automation and labor markets.

    Research and Innovation

    In Ghana, new research reveals how semi-communal ‘compound houses’ influence political participation, demonstrating architecture’s impact on civic engagement. Meanwhile, MIT’s AI and Society Forum explored the societal impacts of AI on employment and democracy, bringing together top researchers to address critical questions.

    PhD student Chelsea Mitchell studies the economic forces shaping shipping ports, crucial for global supply chains. Thomas Levenson’s new book traces the long history of vaccine hesitancy, offering context for current public health debates. Innovative projects funded by MIT’s Climate Project are tackling extreme heat with low-cost cooling and emissions-free air conditioning.

    Community and Global Reach

    MIT Open Learning reaches the South Pole, where John Della Costa uses OpenCourseWare to engage fellow Antarctica ‘winterovers’ in physics and build community. The MIT Ethics of Computing Research Symposium highlighted the human component in computing and AI. Professor Sonya Atalay, a leader in community-based archaeology, links local knowledge with academic inquiry globally.

    A new study shows that a locally adjusted policy with tradeable offsets and taxes can preserve wetlands without halting development. The Living Climate Futures Symposium explored community-level climate challenges and solutions. Eleven MIT affiliates accepted 2026 Fulbright awards for research and teaching abroad.

    Rankings and Recognition

    QS ranked MIT the world’s No. 1 university for the 15th consecutive year, placing first in 12 subject areas. The Institute also featured in Scientific American for its role in curiosity-driven science.

    For more stories, visit the MIT News SHASS page.

  • MIT School of Engineering: Latest Research and Innovations (June 2026)

    MIT School of Engineering: Latest Research and Innovations (June 2026)

    The MIT School of Engineering continues to drive breakthroughs across multiple disciplines. Recent highlights include a hands-on photonics boot camp at MIT.nano for community college students, new AI systems that help robots interpret vague instructions, and a chip design that enables tiny robots to navigate complex environments with minimal power. Researchers have also developed a computer model for more material-efficient bridges and buildings, and a new approach to modeling metal alloys at the atomic level. In game theory, generalists have been shown to outperform specialists in certain scenarios. The Institute was ranked the world’s No. 1 university by QS for the 15th consecutive year, and MIT’s Initiative for New Manufacturing is gaining momentum. Ten engineering faculty members were granted tenure in 2026. These stories reflect the breadth and impact of engineering research at MIT.

  • MIT School of Architecture and Planning: Latest News, Research, and Innovations

    MIT School of Architecture and Planning: Latest News, Research, and Innovations

    The MIT School of Architecture and Planning (SA+P) is a hub for interdisciplinary research, education, and design, addressing some of the most pressing challenges in cities, technology, and society. Below are recent highlights from the school, covering breakthroughs in urban studies, augmented reality, AI ethics, climate resilience, and more.

    Jinhua Zhao Appointed Head of the Department of Urban Studies and Planning

    An expert in behavioral science and transportation, Jinhua Zhao combines these studies with AI and public policy to address urgent urban challenges. He will lead the department starting June 11, 2026.

    Augmented Reality System for Easier Medical Ultrasound Interpretation

    MIT researchers have designed an ultrasound system that creates a real-time 3D representation of the object being imaged, making it easier for clinicians to interpret scans. The breakthrough was reported on June 10, 2026.

    The Consequences of Relying on AI for Accurate News

    A Media Lab study shows that, much like GPS has weakened navigation skills, AI can reduce our ability to detect fake news. The findings were published on June 9, 2026.

    MIT SPURS Program Looks to the Future of Urban Technology and Policy

    As the international program approaches its 60th year, leaders are reshaping its curriculum to address emerging technologies and policies shaping urban planning. Announced on June 9, 2026.

    Chris Zegras Appointed Director and CEO of Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology

    The professor of mobility and urban planning will lead MIT’s research enterprise in Singapore, effective June 9, 2026.

    Innovative Projects to Deal with Extreme Heat

    Low-cost personal cooling and emissions-free air conditioning are among the ideas studied with MIT’s Climate Project seed funding, reported on June 8, 2026.

    The Crucial Human Component in Computing and AI

    The MIT Ethics of Computing Research Symposium brought together experts working on ethical and social impacts of technology, held on June 5, 2026.

    PATH Initiative to Boost AI Training and Career Opportunities

    MIT RAISE and Georgia State University announce an initiative connecting universities, community colleges, industry, and government to expand industry-aligned AI training and career pathways, dated June 4, 2026.

    Tod Machover Receives George Peabody Medal for Contributions to Music and Technology

    The George Peabody Medal, the highest honor from the Peabody Institute, was awarded to Tod Machover on June 3, 2026.

    Alejandro Aravena Urges SA+P Graduates to Lead with Kindness, Honor the Truth

    “All of us need to feel we are valuable,” said the SA+P Commencement speaker, a Chilean architect and Pritzker Prize winner, on May 29, 2026.

    Designing a Career, On and Off the Track, at MIT

    Senior Krystal Montgomery explored design courses to shape a career in web development. As a national champion in track, balancing athletics and academics was key to her success, reported on May 27, 2026.

    Bridging Real Human Movement with Digital Technology

    MIT.nano Immersion Lab collaborates with Emerson College students to advance the art of virtual production, announced on May 26, 2026.

    For more updates, visit the MIT School of Architecture and Planning news page.

  • Picower Institute for Learning and Memory: Pioneering Neuroscience Research at MIT

    Picower Institute for Learning and Memory: Pioneering Neuroscience Research at MIT

    The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory is a leading neuroscience research center at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology dedicated to understanding the mechanisms of learning and memory, and to developing new treatments for brain disorders. The institute brings together researchers from diverse fields to explore how the brain processes, stores, and retrieves information, with a focus on translating basic discoveries into clinical applications.

    Recent Breakthroughs from the Picower Institute

    These studies highlight the institute’s commitment to advancing our understanding of the brain and developing new therapies for neurological and psychiatric conditions.

  • J-PAL: How MIT’s Poverty Action Lab Drives Evidence-Based Policy to Fight Global Poverty

    J-PAL: How MIT’s Poverty Action Lab Drives Evidence-Based Policy to Fight Global Poverty

    The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL) at MIT is a global research center working to reduce poverty by ensuring that policy is informed by scientific evidence. Founded by Nobel laureates, J-PAL uses randomized evaluations to test the effectiveness of social programs and scale up solutions that work.

    Recent Highlights

    • Innovative projects explore ways to deal with extreme heat — Low-cost personal cooling and emissions-free air conditioning among ideas studied with MIT’s Climate Project seed funding (June 2026).
    • New J-PAL research and policy initiative to test and scale AI innovations to fight poverty — Project AI Evidence connects governments, tech companies, and nonprofits with world-class economists to evaluate AI solutions (February 2026).
    • “MIT Open Learning has opened doors I never imagined possible” — Munip Utama applies knowledge from the MITx MicroMasters Program in Data, Economics, and Design of Policy to support students in Indonesia (January 2026).
    • A new lens on humanity — The inaugural MIT Human Insight Collaborative (MITHIC) Annual Event showcased projects supported in the first year of the presidential initiative (January 2026).
    • Introducing the MIT-GE Vernova Climate and Energy Alliance — Five-year collaboration to accelerate the energy transition (November 2025).
    • Climate Action Learning Lab — Helps state and local leaders implement effective climate mitigation strategies using data and evaluation (September 2025).
    • J-PAL North America launches Initiative for Effective US Crime Policy (IECP) — Generating rigorous evidence for fair public safety solutions (August 2025).
    • Better public service with data — MIT master’s student and Brazilian diplomat Davi Augusto Oliveira Pinto applies data-driven policymaking (August 2025).
    • Study in India shows several tactics together boost vaccination against deadly diseases — One combination led to a 44% increase in child immunizations (May 2025).
    • New Alliance for Data, Evaluation and Policy Training (ADEPT) — Advances data-driven decision-making in public policy (March 2025).
    • From refugee to MIT graduate student — Mlen-Too Wesley applies lessons from an MITx MicroMasters to help Liberia thrive (December 2024).
    • J-PAL North America announces new evaluation incubator collaborators — LEVER collaborators develop evaluations of poverty-alleviation programs (November 2024).
    • Groundbreaking poverty alleviation project expands — Collaboration with Arnold Ventures to reduce poverty and increase economic mobility in the US (July 2024).
    • How a quantum scientist, a nurse, and an economist are joining the fight against global poverty — The MITx MicroMasters program educates learners worldwide (June 2024).

    Through rigorous research and training, J-PAL continues to shape policies that improve millions of lives around the world.